What Is Computer Networking Meaning And The Advantages

What Is Computer Networking Meaning And The Advantages - The
computer network is an operating system consisting of a number of
computers and other network devices that work together to achieve a
common goal or a network consisting of the points (nodes) are connected
to each other, with or without wires. Each of these nodes serve as
workstations.

One of the nodes as services or media server, which
regulates certain functions of other nodes. Basically it's own computer
network technology is a combination of computer technology and
communication technology.

What Is Computer Networking Meaning And The Advantages

The
computer network is a system that consists of computers and other
network devices that work together to achieve a common goal. The purpose
of the network is the computer:

Sharing of resources: for example, shared use of printers, CPU, memory, hard drive
Communication: eg electronic mail, instant messaging, chat
Access to information: for example web browsing

In
order to achieve the same purpose, every piece of computer network
request and provide the service (service). The party requesting the
service is called a client (client) that provides services and called
the waiter (server). This architecture is called client-server systems,
and is used in almost all computer network applications.

Classification of Computer Networks based on the scale:
1. Local Area Network (LAN)

Local
Area Network or LAN, is a type of Computer Networks to include local
area. By using a variety of network devices is quite simple and popular,
such as using UTP cable (Unshielded Twisted-Pair), Hubs, Switches,
Routers, and so forth. An example of such a LAN network computers
interconnected in school, in the company, cafe, or between neighboring
houses that still covers the LAN area.

The
advantage of using such type of Computer Network LAN more efficient in
operating expenses, more efficient in the use of cable, data transfer
between nodes and computers seem to be more quickly because it covers a
narrow area or local, and does not require telecommunications operators
to create a LAN network.

The disadvantage of the use of type LAN
network is a network area coverage is narrower so as to communicate
outside the network becomes more difficult and the area coverage data
transfer is not so wide.

2. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

Metropolitan
Area Network or MAN, is a type of Computer Networks broader and more
sophisticated than Type Computer Network LAN. Called a Metropolitan Area
Network for Computer Network MAN type is commonly used to connect a
computer network from a city to another. To be able to create a network
MAN, is usually necessary to telecommunications operators to
interconnect computer networks. Examples such as office networks between
cities or regions as well as modern shopping malls networks
interconnected between cities.

The
advantage of this type of MAN Computer Network include a wider network
area coverage so as to communicate more efficiently, simplify the
business case, and also in the network security better.

Disadvantages
of Types of Computer Networks MAN as more use of operational costs, can
be targeted by the operation of the Cracker for personal benefit, and
MAN networks needed to improve quite a long time.

3. Wide Area Network (WAN)

Wide
Area Network or WAN, is a type of Computer Networks broader and more
sophisticated than the type of Computer Network LAN and MAN. WAN
networking technology used to connect a network to another state or from
one continent to another. WAN network can consist of various type of
Computer Network LAN and WAN because of the breadth of the coverage area
of Computer Networks WAN type. Networks WAN, typically using fiber
optic cables and plant them in the ground or under the sea lanes
passing.

Advantages
Types of Computer Networks WAN such as a wider network area coverage of
Types of Computer Networks LAN and MAN, the exchange of confidential
information and become more focused as to communicate from one country
to another country requires more security, and also easier to develop
and ease in terms of business.

The disadvantage of such type
Network WAN operating costs become more necessary, are particularly
vulnerable to the dangers of theft of important data, care for WAN
networks become more severe.

Classification of Computer Networks by function

Basically
any existing computer network that serves as a client and a server. But
there is a network that has a dedicated computer as a server and the
other as a client. There is also a computer that does not have a
specific function as a server only. Because it is based on function then
there are two types of computer networks:

Client-server
That
is a computer network with a dedicated computer as a server. A service /
service can be provided by a computer or more. An example is a domain
such as https://www.google.com is served by many web server computer. Or
it could be a lot of services provided by a single computer. An example
is the company's server is a computer with a multiservice, i.e mail
servers, web servers, file servers, database servers and others.

Peer-to-peer
That
is a computer network in which each host can be a server and a client
simultaneously. For example in file sharing between computers on a
Windows Network Neighbourhood Networks have 5 computers (we named A, B,
C, D and E) are granted access to its files. At one point A to access
the file share of B named computernetworking.xls and also gives access
to the file computernetworking.doc C. When accessing files of B then A
serves as a client and as a give file access to C then A is functioning
as a server. Both functions were carried out by a network such as
simultaneously then this is called peer to peer.

Classification of Computer Networks based on network topology

Based on [the network topology], computer networks can be distinguished:
bus topology
star topology
ring topology

The purpose of a computer network:

1.
Networks allow more efficient management of resources: for example,
many users can share a single printer with high quality, compared to
using low quality printers at each desk. In addition, software license
network can be cheaper than a separate stand-alone license for the same
number of users, and share the use of the CPU, Memory, and hard disk.

2.
Networks help maintain reliable information and to keep up-to-date: the
centralized data storage system managed allows multiple users to access
data from a variety of different locations, and restrict access to the
data while it is being processed.

3. Networks help speed up the
process of sharing the data (data sharing). Transfer data on the network
is always faster than other means of data sharing network instead.

4.
Networks allow groups working to communicate more efficiently. Letters
and delivery of electronic messages are the substance of most of the
network system, in addition to scheduling systems, project monitoring,
online conferencing and groupware, which all help teams work more
productively.

5. Network helps businesses to serve their clients
more effectively. Remote access to centralized data allows employees to
serve clients in the field and the clients can directly communicate with
the supplier.

6. In order to achieve the same goal, every part
of a computer network and provide the service requested. The party
requesting the service is called the client and the service is called
service (server). This architecture is called client-server systems, and
is used in almost all computer network applications.

The Advantages Of Computer Networking

The
main advantage of network sharing instantly felt it was, the worldwide
Internet, because the Internet itself is essentially a series of
computers (thousands and even millions of computers) that are connected
to each other. Evolved and developed over time, thus forming a complex
network as we feel right now.

Another advantage in terms of the internal network is:

1.
Resource Sharing, can use existing resources together. Suppose a user
is located 100 km away from the data, do not have difficulty in using
these data, as if the data is located nearby. This often means that the
computer network act to distance.

2. High reliability, with a
network of computers we will get a high reliability by having
alternative sources of supply. For example, all the files can be saved
or copied to two, three or more computers connected to the network. So
that if one machine breaks, then the copy on another machine could be
used.

3. Save money, have a small computer price / performance
ratio better than the great computer. Large computers such as mainframes
have a speed of approximately ten times the speed of a small computer /
personal. Will remain, the price of mainframe thousand times more
expensive than personal computers. The imbalance of the ratio of price /
performance and speed is what makes the system designer to build a
system that consists of personal computers.

4. Hardware sharing,
For use hardware together. With the network facility and then use a tool
called a printer server. it is an expensive color laser printers that
can be used once the price is shared by 10 employees. Similarly,
scanner, plotter, and other tools.

5. Security and data
management, computers in a business environment, the presence of the
network allows an administrator to organize the data the most important
office. In every department of becoming fragmented and data scattered
everywhere. The important data can be managed in a back end server for
later replicated or backed up according to company policy. Similarly, an
admin will be able to control such important data to be accessed or
edited by people who are entitled to it.

6. Improved stability
and performance computing, in certain circumstances, a network can be
used to improve the overall performance of business applications, by way
of assignment in distributed computing to multiple computers on the
network.

Network losses

1. Various advantages of networking
media have been described at length above, but the loss has not been
mentioned at all. Network with various advantages are very helpful at
work in a company. But also many disadvantages when not realize it from
the beginning. Here are some of the disadvantages of the implementation
of the network:

2. Costs are high and then higher again. covering
various aspects of network development: the purchase of hardware,
software, consulting costs for network planning, then the cost for
network construction services itself. This is certainly a high
investment for large companies with a need for high network. As for home
users is relatively small and the cost can be reduced. But from the
beginning of the network also must be designed so that no more bloated
overhead costs because the mission to fulfill the need for a computer
network.

3. Hardware Management and Administration system: In a
business organization that has a system, the administration felt a small
thing, at least when compared to the cost of the work and costs
incurred in the implementation phase. However, this is the most
important stage. Since the error on this point can lead to
reconsideration of construction even reset the network. This maintenance
management is ongoing and requires an IT professional, who has
understood his duty properly. Or at least do not have the training and
network training is specific to the needs of his office.

4.
Sharing unwanted files: With the good comes the bad, it is always a
common thing applies (ambiguous), the ease of sharing files in a network
that is intended to be used by certain people, often resulting in the
leaking of sharing folders and can be read also by the others are not
eligible. This will always happen if they are not regulated by the
network administrator.

5. Application viruses and hacking
methods: these things are always a frightening specter for everyone,
resulting in network down and cessation of work. This problem is a
classic because the system is not well planned. This issue will be
further described in chapter network security.